Caspian-sea ecotourism potential: Sustainable development and conservation perspectives

Abstract

This paper presents the ecotourism potential of the Caspian Sea and its use in the context of sustainable development. The Azerbaijani sector is located in the southwestern part of the Caspian Sea and constitutes approximately 20-25% of the entire sea. The Caspian Sea is a vast body of water with rare biological diversity and unique ecosystems. The paper investigates how these natural resources can be used for ecotourism purposes and how conservation measures can be implemented alongside this. In particular, integrated strategies and management models are proposed to protect marine ecosystems while enhancing the socio-economic well-being of local communities. Research results show that ecotourism can be a tool to ensure sustainable development in the Caspian Sea region and support the long-term protection of ecosystems. The paper provides practical recommendations for researchers, planners, and policymakers who wish to explore the potential of ecotourism in the Caspian Sea. The ecotourism potential of the Caspian Sea includes opportunities to explore unique ecosystems, observe migratory birds, visit national parks and protected areas, engage with marine and coastal ecosystems, appreciate cultural and historical values, and participate in health tourism, all of which can contribute to nature conservation and the economic development of local communities. In the Caspian Sea ecotourism, marine tourism, cultural and historical tourism, health and wellness tourism, and birdwatching tourism can be developed.